Latest developments in ammonia production technology

Many Indian ammonia plants struggle with high feedstock prices. In order to survive in the competition from new plants in areas with low gas cost, many plant owners of existing plants have decided to revamp their plants to reduce the energy consumption and/or increase the capacity. New developments are needed in order to fulfil these needs of the market. This paper will highlight some of the developments made that are suitable to be implemented in revamp jobs. Furthermore, these developments are also important for design of new very large capacity ammonia plants, and process schemes for a 4000 and a 5000 MTPD ammonia plants will be covered, including an attractive option, which has been in full-scale commercial operation since January 2003, the proprietary and patented Haldor Topsøe Exchange Reformer (HTER).